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Despite the huge sums invested in search engines, and their ubiquitous in front of Internet users, their algorithm is still something primitive which is based on keywords and various signals. Some are considering moving to a semantic search, ie a better understanding of the content of sites to associate it to queries in context. Could this work? To what extent can we understand what the user wants without a deep intrusion into his private life?

This study of search engines and SEO reports the current knowledge of algorithms and the effect on the ranking in search results pages. Google, Bing, Yandex, Yahoo, DuckDuckGo have common rules and peculiarities.
This knowledge of the algorithms is essential for the visibility of a site. Google evaluates them on the basis of statistics. If a site, perfectly interesting and useful, can be described by criteria generally attributed to spam sites, it will be penalized.

Ranking according to a Google patent
From a patent from Google about techniques for calculating search results, it showsand why a website goes to sandbox. Google attribute to each page a score to rank in the list of results that are relevant to a search. The PageRank is only a part of scores of pages.

• Criteria of ranking
  Based on the safest sources, avoiding misconceptions on how the results are determined by search engines.
• What we should know about PageRank
  How it works really.
• PageRank and nofollow
  What is the real effect of the nofollow attribute?
• Bounce factor as seen by search engines
  How to lower the bounce factor?

FreshRank patent
To evaluate the freshness of documents.

LDA
A secret of Google's algorithm being revealed.

Patent about ranking based on backlinks
Patent about user behavior and how they use backlinks.

• Backlinks and ranking
  Advices from Google about the quality of backlinks.

Panda patent made simple
Simplified description, comparison with the real experience.

• Understanding Panda
  A new major criterion for ranking, how to update a site.

Evolution of Google's algorithm since the origin
Major updates.

• Evolution of Google's SERPs and interface
• Changes in the page of results.
• How Google works on its algorithm
  Based in part on a NYT article by a reporter who visited the laboratory.

Answers from Google to webmasters
Lot of questions from webmasters, the team at Google Webmaster Central answered all of them.

Site optimizations recommanded by Google
Advices about optimization from Google based on its statistics of search results.

SEO for Bing
Advices to webmaster by the search engine.

The browserank
It is an alternative from Microsoft to the PageRank.