CLI and .NET Language List

CLI (Common Language Infrastructure) is a code execution environment defined by an open standard specification, ECMA-335 and ISO / IEC 23271.
It was developed by Microsoft and implemented as part of .NET and the Mono and Portable.NET compatible frameworks.

The source code in compatible programming languages are compiled into CIL (Common Intermediate Language), a language independent of the machine and the processor, which is executed by virtual execution system (VES) of the own framework of the machine (.NET etc.).

For a language can be worn on the CLI, it must comply with two specifications:

• CTS (Common Type System). A set of types and operation on types.
• CLS (Common Language Specification). A set of rules allowing different languages to use the same libraries.

Note however that dynamic languages, without expressed data type, could be executed through the addition of a complementary runtime, the DLR (Dynamic Language Runtime).

List of major .NET languages

Most popular languages ​​have a .NET version, but  the most widely used is C #, a version of C++ designed specifically for this platform.
Java is a competitor to .NET and is not implemented by the publisher.

• A#. Ada.
• Dyalog APL. APL.
• Boo. Kind of Python.
• ICC by Princeton. Retargetable compiler for C in Portable.NET.
• OCAMIL. CAML.
  
• C Sharp in Visual Studio Express.
• C++/CLI in Visual Studio Express.
  Oxygen. Pascal.
• NetCOBOL by Fujitsu. Wildcat COBOL.
• EiffelEnvision. Eiffel.
• MrLoose.Forth. Forth.
• Fortran .NET. FTN95. Fortran.
• Hugs98 for .NET. Haskell.
• Visual J# de Microsoft dans Visual Studio Express. Java.
• JavaScript: Managed JScript in the browser. JScript .NET in the .NET framework. DotGnu JScript in Portable.NET.
• DotLisp. Lisp.
• Mercury. IL for .NET.
• Oberon. For the history of languages.
• Phalanger. PHP4Mono. PHP.
• Powershell.
• P#. Prolog.NET. Prolog.
• IronPython by Microsoft. Python.
• IronRuby by Microsoft. Ruby.
• IronScheme. Scheme.
• Sml.net by Cambridge. Standard ML.
• Visual Basic. Included in Visual Studio Express.

See also

• List of programming languages.
• History of programming language.

References

• ECMA 335 specification.
• ISO 23271 specification.
• C++/CLI ECMA 372 specification.